Pelestarian dan Strategi Pengembangan Gedung Museum Perkebunan Indonesia Medan sebagai Warisan Arsitektur Kolonial

Abstract

This research examines the historical preservation and development strategy of the Indonesian Plantation Museum (Musperin) building in Medan, North Sumatra. The building was originally constructed in 1917 as the official residence of the Director of the Algemeen Proefstation der AVROS, a plantation research institute established in 1910 and designed by Dutch architect George Herbert Mulder.Using a qualitative descriptive approach that combines field observation, visual documentation, questionnaire-based value assessment, and literature study, this research examines the architectural, social, educational, and authenticity values of the building, while also formulating a development strategy through a SWOT analysis.The results show that the building still maintains its main transitional colonial structural form, characterized by a hipped roof with wide eaves and decorative wooden brackets, although several original micro-details have changed. These changes include the simplification of the eaves, enclosed balconies, narrowed window ventilation, and the replacement of staircase materials. The questionnaire results indicate that historical and architectural values are the most dominant considerations in preservation, with the majority of respondents supporting the strict preservation of the building's exterior shell while allowing for adaptive interventions in the interior to support educational functions.The SWOT analysis identifies the still-sturdy colonial brick structure and an outdoor area with an attractive collection as the main strengths. These findings support an adaptive reuse strategy that favors the preservation of historical values for colonial heritage institutional buildings.